GIS BASED GEO HAZARD ASSESSMENT OF PAKISTAN FOR FUTURE URBAN DEVELOPMENT USING AHP
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
Abstract
Pakistan has been subject to frequent earthquakes, which are often severe (especially in the north and west), and severe flooding along the Indus River after heavy monsoon rains (July to August every year). Loss to life and property as a result of these natural disasters has been very high in the recent past. In order to mitigate these losses, an integrated decision support which could help planners make complex decisions accurately and quickly is required. This first ever study aims to provide a multi criteria decision analysis framework resulting in the regionalization of the territories of Pakistan according to the level of vulnerability to these natural disasters. Site suitability for urban development in Pakistan was assessed by the application of GIS and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). GIS can effectively store, retrieve, manipulate, analyse and display the spatial in site selection problems. AHP can be used to calculate weights of criteria while the decision maker remains consistent in judging and allocating comparative preferences to criteria. Weighted scores were aggregated in two clusters namely environmental (elevation, slope, aspect, distance from rivers, land surface temperature and precipitation) and hazard (flood extents, earthquake density and intensity). The results of these two clusters were then synthesized using an innovative scheme to obtain a suitability index map. Indices in the map were classified into four categories representing extremely suitable, suitable, less suitable and worst regions for urban development. This study shows how an effective multi criteria decision support method can be developed to select suitable sites for urban development in order to reduce exposure to natural disasters. Urban development should be planned in extremely suitable areas.Â
How to Cite
Downloads
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
GIS, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Urban Development, Pakistan, Hazard
Bagheri, M. and W. N. Azmin (2010). Application of GIS and AHP technique for land-use suitability analysis on coastal area in terengganu. World Automation Congress, 1-6.
Dai, F., C. Lee, et al. (2001). GIS-based geo-environmental evaluation for urban land-use planning: a case study. Engineering Geology, 61(4), 257-271. doi: 10.1016/S0013-7952(01)00028-X
ESRI 2012. ArcGIS Desktop: Release 10.1 Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute.
Gaurav, K., R. Sinha, et al. (2011). The Indus flood of 2010 in Pakistan: a perspective analysis using remote sensing data. Natural Hazards 59(3), 1815-1826. doi: 10.1007/s11069-011-9869-6
Kordi, M. (2008). Comparison of fuzzy and crisp analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methods for spatial multicriteria decision analysis in GIS. Geocarto International, 27(2), 193.
Malczewski, J. (1996). A GIS-based approach to multiple criteria group decision-making. International Journal of Geographical Information Systems, 10(8), 955-971. doi: 10.1080/10106049.2011.643128
Malczewski, J. (1999). GIS and multicriteria decision analysis, New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Malczewski, J. (2006). GISâ€based multicriteria decision analysis: a survey of the literature. International Journal of Geographical Information Science, 20(7), 703-726. doi: 10.1080/13658810600661508
Mulvey, J., S. Awan, et al. (2008). Profile of injuries arising from the 2005 Kashmir Earthquake: The first 72h. Injury, 39(5), 554-560. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2007.07.025
Naseer, A., A. N. Khan, et al. (2010). Observed seismic behavior of buildings in northern Pakistan during the 2005 Kashmir earthquake. Earthquake Spectra, 26(2), 425-449. doi: 10.1193/1.3383119
Omitaomu, O. A., B. R. Blevins, et al. (2012). Adapting a GIS-based multicriteria decision analysis approach for evaluating new power generating sites. Applied Energy, 96, 292-301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.11.087
Özgen, C. (2010). Evaluation of settlement sites beyond the scope of natural conditions and hazards by means of GIS based MCDA: Yeşilirmak catchment, Thesis submitted to Middle East Technical University.
Peduzzi, P., J. Concato, et al. (1996). A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 49(12), 1373-1379. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0895-4356(96)00236-3
Saaty, T. L. (1980). The Analytic Hierarchy Process: planning, priority setting, resources allocation. New York: McGraw Hill.
Saaty, T. L. (1990). How to make a decision: the Analytic Hierarchy Process. European journal of Operational Research, 48(1), 9-26. doi:10.1016/0377-2217(90)90057-I
Şener, B., M. L. Süzen, et al. (2006). Landfill site selection by using geographic information systems. Environmental Geology, 49(3), 376-388.
Watson, J. E., T. Iwamura, et al. (2013). Mapping vulnerability and conservation adaptation strategies under climate change. Nature Climate Change, 3, 989-994. doi:10.1038/nclimate2007
Copyright of all articles published in IJAHP is transferred to Creative Decisions Foundation (CDF). However, the author(s) reserve the following:
- All proprietary rights other than copyright, such as patent rights.
- The right to grant or refuse permission to third parties to republish all or part of the article or translations thereof. In case of whole articles, such third parties must obtain permission from CDF as well. However, CDF may grant rights with respect to journal issues as a whole.
- The right to use all or parts of this article in future works of their own, such as lectures, press releases, reviews, textbooks, or reprint books.
- The authors affirm that the article has been neither copyrighted nor published, that it is not being submitted for publication elsewhere, and that if the work is officially sponsored, it has been released for open publication.
The only exception to the statements in the paragraph above is the following: If an article published in IJAHP contains copyrighted material, such as a teaching case, as an appendix, then the copyright (and all commercial rights) of such material remains with the original copyright holder.
CDF will receive permission for publication of copyrighted material in IJAHP. This permission is not transferable to third parties. Permission to make electronic and paper copies of part or all of the articles, including all computer files that are linked to the articles, for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage.
This permission does not apply to previously copyrighted material, such as teaching cases. In paper copies of the article, the copyright notice and the title of the publication and its date should be visible. To copy otherwise is permitted provided that a per-copy fee is paid.
To republish, to post on servers, or redistribute to lists requires that you post a link to the IJAHP article, which is available in open access delivery mode. Do not upload the article itself.
Authors are permitted to present a talk, based on a paper submitted to or accepted by IJAHP, at a conference where the paper would not be published in a copyrighted publication either before or after the conference and where the author did not assign copyright to the conference or related publisher.